Title:Chromatogram characteristics of seven Hb J variants on capillary zone electrophoresis

Author:Beverley M Pullon

Abstract:Background: Historically, Hb J variants have been identified by high performance liquid chromatography, though capillary zone electrophoresis is increasingly being used as a first line technique for Hb variant identification. However, there is a lack of Hb J capillary zone electrophoresis electrophoretic chromatograms in the existing literature. The objective of this report is to describe chromatogram characteristics of seven Hb J variants on capillary zone electrophoresis.
Methods: A routine diagnostic in-house laboratory haemoglobinopathy database was searched for Hb J variants. Capillary zone electrophoresis characteristics of each case were documented, including the zone, x-axis position, and Hb variant percentage. Clinical characteristics, presenting red blood cell parameters, and serum ferritin levels were recorded.
Results: 14 heterozygous cases for Hb J comprising seven different Hb J variants were identified: four HBA and three HBB variants. HBA: Hb J-Cape Town (four cases) with 35.0-37.7% variant migrated in zone 11 at x-axis 121, 0.8-0.9% of Hb J-Cape TownA2 migrated in the S zone at x-axis 217, and a further minor aberrant peak of 0.5% migrated in zone 12 at x-axis 84; Hb J-Tongariki (two cases) 34.3-36.2% variant migrated in zone 12 at x-axis 106 and 0.6-0.8% of Hb J-TongarikiA2 migrated in the D zone at x-axis 203; Hb J-Toronto (one case) 23.1% variant migrated in zone 12 at x-axis 97 and 0.4% of Hb J-TorontoA2 migrated in the D zone at x-axis 208; Hb J-Paris-I (one case) 27.8% variant migrated at x-axis 81 and 0.3% of Hb J-Paris-IA2 migrated in the D zone at x-axis 198; HBB: Hb J-Baltimore (four cases) 50.3-54.1% variant migrated in zone 12 at x-axis 81; Hb J-Bangkok (one case) 51.9% variant migrated in zone 12 at x-axis 93; Hb J-Kaohsiung (one case) 47.3% variant migrated in zone 13 with an x-axis 66.
Conclusions: This article describes characteristic capillary zone electrophoresis chromatogram patterns, zone, x-axis and Hb variant percentage, for seven Hb J variants, five of which have not been previously described on capillary zone electrophoresis. This will be of value in expanding the capillary zone electrophoresis chromatogram library and aid in the provisional identification of Hb J variants.
Keywords: -α3.7 (rightward) deletion, capillary zone electrophoresis, chromatogram, Hb J variants, x-axis.
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